Estimated Reading time: 8 minutes | Last modified: 2023-02-27, 11:39:23 pm

Global Lua Extensions

We support users to write Lua extensions to perform some custom functions, which can be triggered by cron or events.

For example, we can query the database every minute for nodes with high cpu and report them to the user’s own monitoring system via HTTP requests.

Here is an practical example of how to create a Lua extension.

Screenshot

We create a cron extension with the following Lua code:


local sql = [[
select node_id, avg("system_CPU_percent") from monitor where created > now() - INTERVAL '1 hour' group by node_id limit 1
]]
local res = sql_query(sql, 120, 2000, "log_server")

local params = {
    body = res
}
res = http_query('POST', "http://receive-metrics.openresty.com", params)

output(res)

Then we can click the execute button to see the results immediately.

Screenshot

The execution results of the extension can be seen in the history page.

Screenshot

Lua extensions can also be triggered by events. When the specified event occurs, it will trigger the extension to run and the event details will be placed in the Lua variable trigger_event.

Here is an example of printing events.

output(trigger_event)

Screenshot

Click the execute button to see the results immediately. A node offline test event is provided here by default.

Screenshot

Events

We currently support these events:

Nodes Heartbeat Offline

Triggered when the nodes do not send heartbeats to Admin and are set to offline.

{
    "type": "nodes_heartbeat_offline",
    "from": "log-server",
    "message": "Gateway nodes [59] offline",
    "level": "ERROR"
}

Nodes Heartbeat Online

Triggered when the nodes send heartbeats to Admin and are set to online.

{
    "type": "nodes_heartbeat_online",
    "from": "log-server",
    "message": "Gateway nodes [59] online",
    "level": "WARNING"
}

Nodes Offline

Triggered when the node’s health check fails and the nodes are set to offline.

{
    "from": "admin",
    "level": "ERROR",
    "message": "gateway node [78] is offline since failed to connect to 120.24.93.4:81: connection refused, time: 1634629224;;failed to connect to 120.24.93.4:81: connection refused, time: 1634629254;;failed to connect to 120.24.93.4:81: connection refused, time: 1634629284",
    "type": "node_offline"
}

Nodes Online

Triggered when the node’s health check is successful and the nodes are set to online.

{
    "from": "admin",
    "level": "WARNING",
    "message": "gateway node [78] is online since health check success",
    "type": "node_online"
}

Release

Triggered when the application is released.

{
    "type": "release",
    "uid": 2,
    "http_app_id": 786
}

WAF Event

Triggered when the request hit WAF rules and the score is greater than the threshold value.

The requests of the same client IP will only trigger a WAF event once in a second.

{
    "app_id": "1033",
    "type": "waf_event",
    "score": "3",
    "threshold": "3",
    "action": "block",
    "matches": [
        {
            "matches": [
                "0",
                "/hit"
            ],
            "begin_line": 1,
            "version": "d04fb751526fc85a172475a71f19cf53",
            "rule_id": "0",
            "rule_set_id": 10025,
            "msg": "test",
            "group": "test",
            "end_line": 2
        }
    ],
    "header": "User-Agent: curl/7.29.0\r\nHost: waf-filter.com\r\nAccept: */*\r\nProxy-Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n\r\n",
    "timestamp": "1634629481",
    "request_id": "0000270010243927eb48000d",
    "client_country": "",
    "client_province": "unknown",
    "client_city": "unknown",
    "from": "log_server",
    "client_isp": "",
    "body": "",
    "remote_addr": "172.17.0.1",
    "host": "waf-filter.com",
    "request": "GET HTTP://waf-filter.com/hit HTTP/1.1"
}

Builtin API

Most of the regular Lua code is supported in the extensions, and we also provide a built-in lua api for writing extensions.

output

syntax: output(msg)

The output messages will be displayed in the Lua extension histories.

http_query

syntax: res = http_query(method, url, params, retries)

Send the HTTP request.

method The HTTP method, like GET, POST, PUT.
url The HTTP url string.
retries Number of retries after request failed, default retries is 1.

The params table accepts the following fields:

timeout Sets the timeout (in millisecond), default value is 300 seconds.
headers A table of request headers.
body The request body as a string, or an iterator function (see get_client_body_reader).
ssl_verify Verify SSL cert matches hostname

When the request is successful, res will contain the following fields:

status The status code.
headers A table of headers. Multiple headers with the same field name will be presented as a table of values.
body The response body.

sql_query

Query the admin or log-server database.

syntax: res = sql_query(sql, timeout, limit, destination, retries)

sql Query SQL, only select statements are supported.
timeout Sets the timeout (in second), default value is 120 seconds.
limit Sets the limit of query result sets, default value is 20000.
destination Query destination: admin and log-server.
retries Number of retries after query failed, default retries is 1.

send_alarm_event

Sending custom alarm events

syntax: res = send_alarm_event(alarm_type, alarm_level, alarm_message)

alarm_type Customized alarm types
alarm_level Alarm levels, there are three levels: CRITICAL, ERROR, WARNING
alarm_message Alarm text content

More Examples

Add IP data blocked by the WAF to the application’s IP list

This extension queries the database for the IP data blocked by the WAF and adds them to the application’s IP list.

Here we need to enable WAF and IP list in the application first.

-- In this example we assume that the application id and IP list id are both 1.
local app_id = "1"
local ip_list_id = "1"

local str_fmt = string.format
local api_put = require "Lua.SchemaDB" .update

-- Get the IP addresses blocked by WAF in the last 24 hours
local sql = [[
SELECT DISTINCT remote_addr as ip
FROM waf_request_tsdb
WHERE action='block'
        AND score >= threshold
        AND created >= now() - interval '24 hours'
        AND app_id='%s'
]]

sql = str_fmt(sql, app_id)
local res = sql_query(sql, 120, 2000, "log_server")
local ip_list = { items = res }

local uri = { "applications", app_id, "ip_list", ip_list_id }
res, err = api_put(uri, ip_list)

if res then
    output("updated ip blacklist successfully!")
else
    output("failed to update ip blacklist: " .. tostring(err))
end

Verify the HTTPS certificate of the application specified with the APP_ID

-- UPDATE-ME: please specify app_id as you want
local app_id = nil

-- uncomment following lines if you want enable event trigger
-- local app_id = trigger_event.http_app_id

if not app_id then
    return output("WARN: app_id is required")
end

local ngx = ngx
local substr = string.sub
local str_fmt = string.format
local re_find = ngx.re.find
local httpc = require "resty.http".new()

local function ssl_handshake(ip, port, domain)
    local c, err = httpc:connect(ip, port)
    if not c then
        return nil, err
    end

    return httpc:ssl_handshake(nil, domain, true)
end

local function is_wildcard_domain(domain)
    if string.sub(domain, 1, 2) == '*.' then
        return true
    end

    return false
end

local app_domains_sql = [[
select applications_domains.domain "domain",
    applications_domains.is_wildcard is_wildcard,
    https_ports,
    offline_enabled
    from applications
left join applications_domains on applications.id = applications_domains._applications_id
where applications.id = %d
]]

local cert_domains_sql = [[
select applications_phases_ssl_cert_certs_acme_host.item acme_host
    from applications_phases_ssl_cert_certs
join applications_phases_ssl_cert_certs_acme_host on
    applications_phases_ssl_cert_certs_acme_host._applications_phases_ssl_cert_certs_id
    = applications_phases_ssl_cert_certs.id
where global_cert is null and applications_phases_ssl_cert_certs._applications_id = %d
union
select global_certs.acme_host acme_host
    from applications_phases_ssl_cert_certs
join global_certs on applications_phases_ssl_cert_certs.global_cert = global_certs.id
where global_cert is not null and applications_phases_ssl_cert_certs._applications_id = %d
]]

local gateway_nodes_sql = [[
select gateway_nodes.external_ip external_ip,
    gateway_nodes.external_ipv6 external_ipv6
    from applications
left join applications_partitions on applications.id = applications_partitions._applications_id
left join gateway on applications_partitions.item = gateway.partition
left join gateway_nodes on gateway.id = gateway_nodes._gateway_id
where offline_enabled is not true
    and (gateway_nodes.external_ip is not null or gateway_nodes.external_ipv6 is not null)
    and applications.id = %d
]]

local ok_tbl = {}
local err_tbl = {}
local check_list = {}
local app_domains_hash = {}

local app_domains, err = sql_query(str_fmt(app_domains_sql, tonumber(app_id)))
if not app_domains then
    output(str_fmt("failed to verify TLS certificate for app, app_id: %d"), tostring(app_id))
end

local domain_list = {}
for _, app_domain in ipairs(app_domains) do
    domain_list[#domain_list + 1] = app_domain.domain

    app_domains_hash[app_domain.domain] = app_domain
end

local domain_str = table.concat(domain_list, ', ')

local cert_domains, err = sql_query(str_fmt(cert_domains_sql, tonumber(app_id), tonumber(app_id)))
if not cert_domains then
    output("failed to verify TLS certificate for app, domain: %s, err: no certificate found", domain_str)
end

local gateway_nodes, err = sql_query(str_fmt(gateway_nodes_sql, tonumber(app_id)))
if not gateway_nodes then
    output("failed to verify TLS certificate for app, domain: %s, err: no gateway nodes found", domain_str)
end

for _, cert_domain in ipairs(cert_domains) do
    local acme_host = cert_domain.acme_host

    if is_wildcard_domain(acme_host) and app_domains_hash[acme_host] then
        err_tbl[#err_tbl + 1] = "wildcard app with wildcard cert is not supported yet: " .. tostring(acme_host)
        goto _next_
    end

    if is_wildcard_domain(acme_host) then
        for _, app_domain in ipairs(app_domains) do
            local domain = app_domain.domain
            local base_acme_host = substr(acme_host, 2)

            if re_find(domain, [[\A(?:\Q\E.*?\Q]] .. base_acme_host .. [[\E)]], 'josm') then
                check_list[#check_list + 1] = app_domains_hash[app_domain]
            end
        end

        goto _next_
    end

    local hit = false

    for _, app_domain in ipairs(app_domains) do
        local domain = app_domain.domain

        if domain == acme_host then
            check_list[#check_list + 1] = app_domains_hash[acme_host]

            goto _next_
        end

        if is_wildcard_domain(domain) then
            local base_domain = substr(domain, 2)

            if re_find(acme_host, [[\A(?:\Q\E.*?\Q]] .. base_domain .. [[\E)]], 'josm') then
                local app_obj = app_domains_hash[domain]

                check_list[#check_list + 1] = {
                    domain = acme_host,
                    is_wildcard = app_obj.is_wildcard,
                    https_ports = app_obj.https_ports
                }
                hit = true
            end
        end
    end

    if hit then
        goto _next_
    end

    err_tbl[#err_tbl + 1] = str_fmt(
        "certificate with Common Name '%s' not found matched host in current application '%s'",
        acme_host, domain_str)

    ::_next_::
end

local check_domain_list = {}

for _, check_obj in pairs(check_list) do
    local check_domain = check_obj.domain
    local https_ports = check_obj.https_ports

    check_domain_list[#check_domain_list + 1] = check_domain

    for _, gateway_node in ipairs(gateway_nodes) do
        local ip = gateway_node.external_ip or gateway_node.external_ipv6
        if not ip then
            goto _next_node_
        end

        for _, https_port in ipairs(https_ports) do
            local ok, err = ssl_handshake(ip, https_port, check_domain)
            if not ok then
                err_tbl[#err_tbl + 1] = str_fmt("domain '%s' on ip '%s': '%s'",
                    check_domain, ip, err)
                goto _next_node_
            end

            ok_tbl[#ok_tbl + 1] = str_fmt("domain '%s' on ip '%s'", check_domain, ip)
        end

        ::_next_node_::
    end
end

if #err_tbl == 0 then
    output("OK: all TLS certificates are verified: " .. table.concat(check_domain_list, ','))

else
    output("ERR: following TLS certificates are failed: " .. table.concat(err_tbl, "\n === \n"))

    if #ok_tbl > 0 then
        output("INFO: following TLS certificates are verified: " .. table.concat(ok_tbl, "\n === \n"))

    else
        output("ERR: no TLS certificate is verified successfully")
    end
end

Global Lua Extensions

# Events

# Nodes Heartbeat Offline

# Nodes Heartbeat Online

# Nodes Offline

# Nodes Online

# Release

# WAF Event

# Builtin API

# output

# http_query

# sql_query

# send_alarm_event

# More Examples

# Add IP data blocked by the WAF to the application’s IP list

# Verify the HTTPS certificate of the application specified with the APP_ID

Love to hear from you, Get in touch 👋

Message was sent successfully!

Events

Nodes Heartbeat Offline

Nodes Heartbeat Online

Nodes Offline

Nodes Online

Release

WAF Event

Builtin API

output

http_query

sql_query

send_alarm_event

More Examples

Add IP data blocked by the WAF to the application’s IP list

Verify the HTTPS certificate of the application specified with the APP_ID